Thessaloniki City Guide

Nikoleta

На Airbnb с 2019

Museums

Белая башня Салоник

The White Tower is the most commonly known monument of Thessaloniki and the symbol of the city because of its prominent position, long history and imposive architecture. A historic building as the symbol of Thessaloniki The tower was built in 15th century in order to replace an older 12th century Byzantine fortification while it was later recontsructed by the Ottomans. It was used as a fort enhancing the harbors defences, as a garrison and a prison. Because of its fame as a notorious prison it was also known as “Tower of Blood” (Kanli Kule) or “Red Tower”. It was renamed to White tower (Torre Blanca) after it was whitewashed possibly in 1891. It was surrounded by long defensive walls that were enclosing the area and were capable of supporting heavy guns. These walls were demolished at the beginning of the 20th century, while it is unclear whether they were part of the original construction or a later addition destined to further enhance its defensive features. Today the tower is open to the public while the visitors will have a chance to enjoy a wonderful panoramic view from its highest level. A very beautiful and informative museum inside the monument is dedicated to the city’s history, its multicultural spirit and several other aspects of Thessaloniki. A Museum devoted to the city and its people Entering the White Tower and the museum located inside it, we soon realize that we are in the heart of the city. Through the presentation of features that help us understand Thessaloniki through time, such as the city’s urban character and its people, the exhibition focuses on important moments and aspects of the city’s life. The geographical position of Thessaloniki at the crossroad of sea and land trading roads, the transformations and the urban development, several important events of its history and the city’s spiritual and cultural life are some of the main themes displayed thematically in different floors. The visitors will have the chance to experience a wonderful ride back in time from the day the city was born 23 centuries ago, up to its recent past and feel the spirit, the taste and the different cultures that shaped its identity. Through atmospheric images and sounds, multimedia touch screen applications and a number of items displayed the visitor will be informed of what he sees today in Thessaloniki and what once used to exist. The goal of the museum is to further introduce the city to the visitors thus creating an essential relationship between the city and the people. It is one of the most popular destinations of the city, along with the Museum of Byzantine Culture and the Archaeological museum of Thessaloniki. Because of its location the White tower is probably the best place to begin your exploration, plus the view on the top is breathtaking! Definitely a must. Leoforos Nikis (Victory Avenue) is full of cafes, clubs,restaurants and bars. By far one of the most popular destinations of the city!

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Белая башня Салоник

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Археологический музей Салоник

The Archaeological museum of Thessaloniki is one of the most beautiful and important museums of the city. It is located in the center of the city in “Manoli Andronikou” street right after the Byzantine Museum, on the south of Thessaloniki International Trade Fair. It is easily accessible from every part of the city, while it can be easily found without being an experienced traveler. Like many other destinations in the center of the city you’ll have the chance to combine your visit to the museum with other places of interest because of the small walkable distance between them. Impressive exhibits and rare collections Due to the city’s rich Ancient Greek, Roman and Byzantine history the museum hosts a variety of exhibits that will impress every visitor. Beautiful samples of Roman architecture, unique colorful mosaics, sculptures and jewellery from the Greek Classical and Hellenistic period await you there… The most popular of them are known worldwide. Ιn 2003 it was completely renovated and re-organized into six permanent thematic units, while several temporary exhibitions take place annually hosting many collections in collaboration with some of the world’s most important museums. Don’t miss the chance to visit some of the museum’s highlights like the one of the kind Derveni Krater and the small arch of Galerius where the emperor himself is depicted. The museum is also accessible to people with dissabilities. After exploring the museum, most visitors start to realize the importance Thessaloniki had throughout the centuries… The “Gold of the Macedon” and the new permanent open ground exhibition called “Field House Garden Grave” are definitely some of the most interesting areas of the museum. In the South side of the museum there is a cafe available for all the visitors. It is ideal for relaxing, especially during the summer months.

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Археологический музей Салоник

6 Manoli Andronikou

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Музей Византийской культуры

For many the most important of the city’s museums, as Thessaloniki is arguably the city that has the most intense Byzantine character and beauty. The museum is housed in modern facilities that include advanced, well-organized conservation laboratories and storerooms. Hundreds of unique exhibits and artifacts throughout the entire Byzantine period are displayed in several different rooms. It has a rather imposing atmopshere while the presentations are well organized and informative. Discovering Thessaloniki’s Byzantine past It is divided in several different thematic sections and collections that cover a wide time period of the city’s Byzantine past. Wonderful mosaics and wall paintings, Byzantine icons and religious architecture, impressive jewellery, rare books and scripts await you there. A café restaurant, a small amphitheater and a separate section that hosts outdoor exhibitions are some of the extra features available for the visitors. It is considered one of the best designs of public architecture in Greece, as it successfully combines the Greek architectural heritage with modern elements while using modern materials in a really clever way. The Museum of Byzantine Culture has been awarded the Council of Europe’s Museum Prize for the year 2005. For years it remains one of the favorite destinations of the city for the majority of the visitors! For info concerning the main, reduced and combined tickets click here: MBC Tickets Catalogue. You won’t have a hard time finding the museum as it is right next to the Archaeological museum in the center of the city.

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Музей Византийской культуры

2 Leof. Stratou

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Римский форум в Салониках

At the heart of the modern city, at the center of Thessaloniki lies a museum that is literally hidden in plain sight, waiting to be discovered! A hidden museum within the Forum Inside the Ancient Agora in one of the busiest places of Roman Thessaloniki awaits you a museum that is located…underground! Most visitors and even some of the locals are surprised when they first realize it, since the entrance is not entirely visible. The museum of Ancient Agora is relatively small compared to others while it is not as popular as other well known destinations like the Museum of Byzantine Culture. The museum of Ancient Agora was completed in 1999 after years of intense construction efforts. It is considered one of the latest and most modern buidings of the city. In order to enter, the visitors have to follow the impressive ancient Roman “Cryptoporticus” arcade that used to be next to the shops of the Forum. If there’s any kind of maintenance works you’ll have to walk along the Forum’s open space that ancient Thessaloneans used to gather and head to the North Western entrance. The importance of the museum is not due to its size or the exhibits displayed. Many of the findings that the excavations brought to light were transferred to other museums like the Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki. What makes this museum a great destination is the information offered to the visitors through a very clever and comprehensive way! It is very interesting and easy for everyone to understand! The great fire, Hebrard and the Enchanted ones… Rare info from every historic period and several events that marked Thessaloniki like the loss of the “Enchanted ones” (incantadas), Hebrar’s wonderful vision for a new city and the destructive fire of 1917 will make you deeply understand and love this city! Detailed maps, rich representations and visual content depicting everyday life during the Roman period of Thessaloniki, the Forum itself, its people and the pre-Cassander era (before 315bc) will answer all your questions. The Roman Forum Museum offers valuable information concerning the Roman Forum (Ancient Agora) and Ancient Thessaloniki. You’ll also have the chance to deeply understand the effect of certain major events that shaped the city, like the destructive fire of 1917. The thriller around the excavation of the entire Forum area where the new Court House was initially planned to be built is a very interesting story itself! A visit in the museum will make everyone understand the importance of this city and its people through a comprehensive approach that takes advantage of the great archaeological and topographical wealth. Spend some time after exploring the Roman Forum (Ancient Agora) and believe us, you will not regret it! Just a couple of minutes away, right next to the Forum you will find several shops that offer snacks like mpougatsa, tost or calzone and other delicacies. In Olympoy St located to the North of the Forum you’ll have the chance to enjoy your coffee, drink or beer in one of the many available café. Heading south towards Aristotelous Plaza you within minutes you’ll reach one of the oldest paleo-chrirtian churches of Thessaloniki,the church of Panagia Chalkeon and the 14th century Ottoman Bey Hamam!

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Римский форум в Салониках

75 Olimpou

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Музей Ататюрка

Mustafa Kemal Ataturk was born in this house in Apostolou Pavlou St in 1881. In 1935 the Thessaloniki city council decided to give the building to the Turkish State which afterwards converted it into a museum dedicated to the life and achievements of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk was the founder and leader of the modern secular Turkish State. He is considered one of the most important and historic personalities of Turkey. The house was built in 1870. It has three floors and a courtyard. After extended repairs and restoration efforts in 1981 it is now housing the Kemal Ataturk museum, while it was repainted to its original colours. In 2013 the museum reopened to the public after an additional restoration plan that lasted 3 years. A historic destination within the Turkish Consulate Most of the furnitures and personal objects placed inside the house are authentic while the missing items were replaced with other from Kemal’s mausoleum and Top Kapi in Instanbul. Several photographs decorate the interior walls depicting Kemal Ataturk in various important periods of his life. The sight is one of the favorite destinations for the majority of the Turkish visitors in Thessaloniki. More than 120.000 people visited the Kemal Ataturk museum in 2014. Since the house is located in the same property with the Turkish Consulate in Thessaloniki you might have to ask for a permission in order to enter the building.

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Музей Ататюрка

17 Apostolou Pavlou

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Еврейский музей Салоник

Inside this beautiful building located in Agiou Mina St. in the center of the city, you will find important information about the Jewish Community of Thessaloniki expressed through photographic exhibitions and rare historical objects. The unique Sephardic heritage of Thessaloniki The Jewish Museum of Thessaloniki was founded to honour the rich and creative Sephardic heritage as it evolved in the city after the 15th century. Consequent to the horrible expulsion from Spain by Ferdinand and Isabella in 1492, Jews began to arrive in the safe haven of the city in big numbers bringing with them an awareness of Renaissance culture and languages of the Western Mediterranean. Skills such as printing, cartography, medicinal sciences and knowledge of contemporary weaponry made the Iberian Jews an asset to the Ottomans. Very rapidly, Sephardic creativity in Thessaloniki reached high point in the 16th century. The city provided a climate of tolerance and economic stability. The Museum is housed in one of the rare Jewish structures that survived the fire of 1917. Located in the very heart of Thessaloniki, this imposing building has at times housed the Bank of Athens and the offices of the Jewish newspaper L Independent and is a silent witness to the great Jewish presence that once filled its streets with the language of Cervantes, redolent with the odours of the kitchens of Seville and Toledo, silent from Friday to Saturday during Shabbat. The Jewish Museum of Thessaloniki is the keeper of Jewish Heritage and culture. The library houses important texts that were printed in Thessaloniki from the 16th to the 20th century, covering almost every aspect of Jewish life, religious and secular. The library acts also as a repository for books on the history, customs and language of the Sephardi Jews. Adjacent to it is an audio-visual center, in which visitors will be able to watch and research tapes and films documenting Jewish history and culture. The Museum provides special educational programs for schools and is involved in a number of other activities. It is one of the most important places devoted to the many ethnic communities that shaped the city’s modern identity. It attracts visitors from all over the world while it is in a walkable distance to many other worth seeing places in the center of Thessaloniki. The Jewish Museum of Thessaloniki is one of the favorite destinations for most visitors of Jewish origin. Many people from all over the world visit it every year. A different, extremely interesting view to the rich, multicultural past of Thessaloniki.

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Еврейский музей Салоник

11 Ag. Mina

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Museum of the Macedonian Struggle

The Museum of Macedonian Struggle is located in the center of Thessaloniki in a beautiful Neoclassical bulding of the late 19th century, originally designed by Ernst Ziller. The museum is run by the Foundation of the Museum for the Macedonian Struggle. The most important exhibits are several uniforms, personal objects of the leaders of the Macedonian Struggle and of course, the weaponry. There are more than 1350 contemponary pictures, maps, newspapers, paintings and books. Museum of Macadonian Struggle Thessaloniki The museum’s foundation has created the Macedonian History Research Center that offers to researchers and anyone interested access to its archives, sophisticated library and digital databases. It also publishes several scientific and historic studies whileo oganizing conferences and workshops that focus on the Macedonian Issue and the wider region history. On the first floor there is an audio-visual introduction devoted to the history of Macedonia. In the basement the visitor can watch scenes from the Struggle and life at the beginnings of the 20th century. Museum themes and activities There are seven different rooms grouped as follows: Macedonia before the outbreak of the Struggle The Struggle in Western Macedonia The people’s role during the Struggle The Strunggle in the central and eastern Macedonia The Strunggle in the Yannitsa Marshes The events in Macedonia after the revolution of the Young Turks The museum also offers several other activities like some really interesting educational games, public guided tours and a lending department of photographic displays and video films. The Metropolitan Temple of Saint Grigorios Palamas and The Macedonian Struggle Crypt are located right next to the museum! If you are hungry or thirsty, you can walk along Koromila street or the coastal avenue Leoforos Nikis. Both destinations are full of bars, restaurants, fast food and cafes!

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Museum of the Macedonian Struggle

23 Proxenou Koromila

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Churches

Church of Panagia Chalkeon

The temple of Panagia Chalkeon is located in the heart of the historical center, southwest of the Roman Forum and North of Egnatia Street. Built in 1028 A.D. as mentioned to the founder’s inscription over the west entrance, it has a typical “cross in square form” having four main columns and three domes, something common to several other religious buildings constructed during the “Macedonian” period of the byzantine architecture. Impressive wall paintings and architecture The interior is full of beautiful frescoes. Some of them are dated back to the 11th century A.D, while there are modern ones as well. During the Ottoman occupation period it was converted into a mosque along with other important temples of Thessaloniki like Agia Sophia (Temple of Holy Wisdom) and Agios Dimitrios. It is possible that an ancient Greek temple existed in the same place, possibly devoted to Hephaestus due to the fact that this area was traditionally inhabited by the city’s copper-smiths. In fact, the name of the church itself is translated as “The Virgin of the Copper-smiths”. The site is extremely easy to find, as it is right next to “Aristotelous plaza” heading west. Being in the center of the city it is also accessible by bus. Within a small distance you’ll have the chance to visit the 15th century Bey Hamam, one of the most important Ottoman buildings of the city. If you feel like eating or drinking something, you can choose among several different options available in “Aristotelous plaza”, while “Athonos” plaza right next to it is full of bars and restaurants for every taste, which will suit your mood.

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Church of Panagia Chalkeon

2 Chalkeon

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София Тессалоники

The Paleo – Christian temple of Agia Sophia is one of the most impressive Byzantine churches of Thesaloniki. Located in the center of the city as well, it is a very beautiful “Domed Basilica” style temple with an imposing architecture, beautiful wall paintings and elaborate mosaics. Having a 1600 years old history, it can easily be considered one of the most important religious sites in Macedonia. The earliest written reference about the structure goes back to 795 A.D., while we can safely assume due to archaeological evidence that another Christian temple existed there, until the destructive earthquake of 620 A.D. An architectural masterpiece in the center of Thessaloniki In terms of religious art, perhaps the most interesting period is the one including the dark years of the Iconoclastic wars. These wars revealed the deep social, religious and financial problems within the Byzantine society during the troubled 8th century A.D. The majority of the wall paintings are dated back to 11th century A.D., while the sculptural decoration of the temple was finalized after several phases. After the Fourth Crusade in 1205 the structure was used as a cathedral by the crusaders, while during the Ottoman invasion in 1430 the church was converted into a mosque. It remained a mosque, until the city’s liberation in 1912. The temple of Agia Sofia is one of several city’s monuments included as a World Heritage Site on the UNESCO list, in 1988. Thessaloniki is considered one of the most important destinations in the world when it comes to Paleochristian Byzantine temples. Like several other monuments of the city, the temple was significantly damaged because of the 1917 fire and was afterwards gradually restored. The restoration of the dome was finally completed in 1980. Church of Agia Sofia, Thessaloniki. The decoration of the interior, especially the mosaics and frescoes makes this place of worship one of the finest in Greece. Round the plaza we can find various worth seeing places, whether you are interested in shopping, having a drink, or just enjoying your coffee. Some of the city’s famous shopping streets are within a small walkable distance from Agia Sofia square. Heading west, you will discover the city’s central plaza of “Aristotelous”, a place surrounded by interesting buildings with beautiful architecture and one of the favorite destinations for the majority of the local residents.

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София Тессалоники

Agias Sofias

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Церковь Святого Димитрия

Agios Dimitrios is arguably considered the most important church of Thessaloniki by the majority of the locals for religious, historical and artistic reasons as well. Devoted to the patron Saint of the city, it has a long and rich history that pretty much depicts some of the city’s most important events of that shaped its identity. The temple is a fine sample of Byzantine religious architecture of the late early period of the Empire (7th century A.D.). The initial architectural design and interior decoration was significantly deteriorated, due to continuous reconstructions, additions and several disasters that occurred throughout the centuries. Dated back to the 4th century A.D., a small chapel was constructed over the ruins of older roman baths. More than a century later, the initial structure was replaced by a three aisled Basilica, by a prefect named Leontios, while finally reconstructed in 629 – 634 A.D., as a five aisled basilica. During the Ottoman occupation period, the church was turned into a mosque as Thessaloniki was captured by the ottomans. A number of mosaics and wall paintings were destroyed (1430 A.D.). A wonderful temple full of Byzantine treasures A number of different styles applied to the church, make Agios Dimitrios unique in terms of religious art. The church’s unusual hexagonal shrine (ciborium),is of special interest, while the older 5th century mosaics are of special value and beauty. Another interesting event was the fire that nearly destroyed the building in 1917. One of the side effects of this disaster was the revelation of a number of older mosaics dated back to 7th century AD. These mosaics were either created or reconstructed after an older disaster in ~ 630 A.D. This was only a chapter of the tragedy, as the fire of the 1917 destroyed a huge part of the city center as well. After the fire, massive restoration efforts took place that lasted for many years. The place attracts many guests and religious art specialists, especially from central and eastern Europe and many orthodox countries as well. The Crypt The secrets beneath the temple.. The wonderfully crafted, detailed capitals of the columns, the colorful Byzantine mosaics and the underground Crypt will turn your visit into a unique experience! Perhaps the most famous and interesting part of the temple, is the underground ancient “Crypt”. The crypt was re-discovered after the fire of 1917 and was finally restored as an exhibition/museum in 1988. According to the Christian Tradition, the saint was imprisoned here and died in 303 A.D. It is a well-designed and restored ancient building that surprises most visitors because of its atmosphere and exhibits. For more info and photos of the temple’s Crypt click here to view our Facebook page! It is said that the ancient crypt under the temple is just a small part of a huge tunnel system that connects the Roman Palace of Galerius with The Arch of Galerius, Rotunda and the City Walls…. Behind the shrine of the temple you can still see some columns (kiones) from the ancient structures that were later used as material incorporated to the first church, in 4th/5 century A.D.

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Церковь Святого Димитрия

Agiou Dimitriou

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Saint Gregory Palamas Holy Metropolitan Church

In the center of the city just before the coastal avenue, on “Mitropoleos” Street, lies another worth visiting religious site, the Metropolitan church of St. Gregory Palamas. The history of the place depicts the structural Evolution of the Byzantine architecture through its different phases. The earlier church was a three aisled Basilica type building, built in the late 13th century. At the end of the 16th century, it was established as the Metropolitan temple of Thessaloniki, while it was destroyed in 1890 A.D. after a huge fire. Apart from the considerable byzantine influences which can be easily detected, there are certain neo – classical elements, something quite reasonable, as the latest re-building efforts took place soon after the destruction. One of the most beautiful temples of Thessaloniki It’s reconstruction was finally completed in 1914 thanks to the architectural designs of Ernst Ziller and the modifications of his greek colleague Xenofon Paionidis. The building is based on the byzantine octagonal type while the main temple has a cross – shaped form, similar to many other Orthodox churches. The dominant byzantine legacy and beauty is still obvious in this important religious site. Inside the temple you will be able to view the relics of Saint Gregory Palamas in whose honor the church was built. He lived in Thessaloniki from 1325 to 1359 A.D. A number of social and religious events of the Greek Orthodox community are being held here at a regular basis. The site is next to “Leoforos nikis” avenue, for some, the most vibrant and crowded street of Thessaloniki because of the numerous clubs and cafeterias. In the same street, (Mitropoleos) you will find some of the best shopping destinations in Thessaloniki if you are interested on clothing or fashion accessories. In the north, within a small walking distance you will find the city’s most famous and important shopping district, “Tsimiski” Avenue. Hundreds of fashion stores, boutiques, department stores and more await you there.

Saint Gregory Palamas Holy Metropolitan Church

6 Agias Sofias

Immaculate Conception Cathedral

In the center of Thessaloniki in Fragon St in one of the most historic corners of the city lies a temple that will pleasantly surprise those who will discover it… A hidden gem in the center of the city Hidden among tall, modern constructions the Temple of the Immaculate Conception (devoted to Virgin Mary) represents an entirely different style and philosophy in a city dominated by Paleo-christian masterpieces. Built in 1899 the temple was the design of Vitaliano Poselli, a well-known architect that is responsible for many of Thessaloniki’s architectural treasures as he was invited by the Ottoman administration in order to modernize many of the city’s public buildings. An older temple that was built in 1743 existed at the same location. The main characteristic of the building is the three aisled basilica along with the semi dome that leads to the side arches of the structure. Stylistically it follows renaissance standards while its architectural influences can be found on European countries, especially France. The interior decoration of the church is impressive and interesting because of its differences compared to the majority of the city’s religious sites. Rows of Corinthian style columns welcome all those who enter. At the center of the Altar (Holy Temple) lies Virgin Mary’s figure while the statue of Paul the Apostle will definitely draw your attention. The beautiful Vitro glasses at the temple’s windows offer some really impressive views as natural light enters the building! The temple of Immaculate Conception belongs to the Apostolic Vicariate of Thessaloniki (Apostolicus Vicariatus Thessalinicensis) a name that takes us back to the 8th century AD. Its modern administrative structure was given in 1926, the year that was officially founded. The church remains active until today while being run and preserved by the small Catholic community of the city. Don’t miss the opportunity to spend some time in this well hidden architectural and cultural gem. You will soon realize that it is not the only one in Fragon St. … The “Westerner’s” area (Fragomahalas) and the Europeans The European district also known as “Fragomahalas” was the part of the city where the majority of the European residents of Thessaloniki were gathered. It was an impressively active area that was connected to the open market of Upper Ladadika (Ano Ladadika) while its commercial character was more than obvious. The temple of Immaculate Conception (Catholic Church) is not the only building of great historic and architectural value. The “Ottoman Bank” that today hosts the music hall and the “Bank of Thessaloniki” also built by Pozelli are two outstanding examples that witness the lost beauty due to decades of insane construction activity… Today the area still holds a glimpse of its old commercial character. Its new face however can be seen in streets like Sygroy St and Valaoritou St where countless bars, clubs, cultural and artistic destinations opened their doors during the last decade. Over the years many discussions have been made concerning the future of “Fragomahalas”. These discussions led to several proposals and possible solutions that may give new life to this valuable, historic part of Thessaloniki.

Immaculate Conception Cathedral

19 Fragkon

Panagias Dexias

Being one of the youngest temples, Panagia Deksia is located next to the Arch of Galerius within a very small distance. Although not as historic as other temples, it is worth visiting, as you can easily spend some time there on your way to the surrounding monuments. Colorful wall paintings and icons decorate the interior, while one of them is considered to be miraculous according to the Christian tradition and stories told by the locals. A temple with many names and legends Built in 1956 Panagia Deksia incorporates wonderful byzantine architecture along with some modern – neo classical influences, similar to many Greek Orthodox temples. There are many assumptions concerning the origin of the church’s name. It is widely believed though that it is due to the icon hosted in the temple, a religious artifact related to several myths and legends. Unlike the vast majority of the byzantine religious icons, this one represents Virgin Mary holding little infant Jesus on the right side and not to the left, thus called “Deksia”, “Deksa” or “Dexiokratousa”. (Right handed-Right side) Right outside the building you will easily spot some really nice coffee shops. The surrounding streets like Melenikou st. or Ethinikis Aminis st. also offer a variety of different options. Several places to eat are available as well, covering every taste. The prices are reasonable since this area is the heart of the college community of the city. Of course this also means that most of these destinations are usually a bit vibrant and noisy. Celebration: November 21

Panagias Dexias

Влатадонский монастырь

The monastery of Vlatadon is one of the oldest and most important Byzantine monuments of Thessaloniki. It is located in the Northern part of Ano Poli, next to the imposing Byzantine “Portara” (Great Gate). Its importance lies to the fact that despite the various challenges and significant disasters the monastery suffered throughout the centuries, it never stopped being active! It was founded somewhere between 1351 to 1371 AD by the empress Anna Palaiologina while it was named after two monks, Dorotheos and Markos Vlattis two of Saint Gregory Palamas (Archibishop of Thessalonica) closest friends. Apart from the Christian tradition, Byzantine scripts and other documents dated back to 14th century AD also refer to it as the “Monastery of Pantokratoros” or “Vlateon Monastery”. The earliest available source is a letter written by Patriarch Mathew of Constantinople in 1400 AD to the Metropolis of Thessalonica region. Vlatadon Monastery today Out of the original temple only a few architectural elements are being preserved until today, Including curved arches, pediments and semi-columns. The Katholikon of the monastery, the building of the main temple also had numerous modifications and additions throughout the centuries. In general, the structural characteristics resemble the style applied during the age of Palaiologon dynasty while the majority of the frescoes are dated back to the 14th century! The monastery preserves religious and historic relics that include several scripts and manuscripts, codecs and Turkish firmans, imperial golden bulls (imperial golden seals) and patriarchal sigilliums. A huge collection of portable Byzantine religious icons of great historic and artistic value is also kept and preserved within the Vlatadon monastery. The outstanding panoramic view of the location will offer you some really unforgettable images! At 120m above sea level it is definitely one of the best spots available and one of the kind destination for every photography lover! On a clear day you’ll be able to see Olympus Mountain located 150km away, without any difficulty. While exploring the historic Ano Poli (Upper Town or Old City) don’t miss the chance to visit this historic Monastery and the Seven Towers Fortress. You can also take a short walk and discover many traditional taverns all around the area! Take your time and explore the flavors! We visited the monastery on a beautiful sunny day, something that gave us the opportunity to enjoy a magnificent sunset later on! The colors were amazing! We suggest you do the same and relax while enjoying this unique, historic monastery!

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Влатадонский монастырь

64 Eptapirgiou

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Archaeological

Ротонда

Built in 306 A.D. by the romans, Rotunda is one of the oldest religious sites of the city. Going back to the late 3rd century A.D., after a number of long devastating wars, the romans decided to divide the Empire into 4 regions, each with its own provinces , thus leading to the creation of a new form of leadership, the Tetrarchy. The administrative needs of the Tetrarchy led Galerius to the construction of the Imperial complex in Thessaloniki because of its importance as one of the capitals, after he came into power being one of the 4 rulers. Galerius Arch (kamara) and Rotunda were basic elements of the palatial complex. Original intensions were predicting its use as a mausoleum, although many archaeologists believe it was initially used as a roman temple. The dimensions of the main structure are quite impressive. Unique mosaics and Roman architecture A central dome (30m high) crowns the structure while the original design was implementing an “Occulus” similar to the one in Pantheon, Rome. A beautifully decorated street, filled with columns was connecting this important cylindrical building to the triumphal Arch in the south. It was turned into a Christian temple around 400 A.D., while decorated at the same time with some wonderful paleo-christian mosaics depicting saints and martyrs. The mosaics that decorate the inside of the building are truly impressive! They have wonderful details and bright colors that surprise most visitors The unusually thick walls of the building reveal the reason rotunda survived a number of devastating earthquakes throughout the centuries. Despite being a Christian temple for 1200 years, it was converted into a mosque in 1590 A.D., during the Ottoman occupation period. Today several discussions are being held regarding its use as a museum, or a church. In December 18, 2015 Rotonda reopened its doors to the public after extended restoration and preservation work, so nowdays everyone will have the chance to enjoy the monument and get a glimpse of its old glory. All around the monument you will discover several places to eat or drink, including coffee shops, little taverns and cozy bars. Because of its location next to the Aristotle University, the place is filled with college students, while the prices are more than reasonable.

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Ротонда

5 Pl. Agiou Georgiou Rotonta

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Арка Галерия

The Arch of Galerius (Kamara) is perhaps the most distinctive and interesting roman structure of Thessaloniki. It is also one of the most popular destinations of the city along with the White Tower for both locals and tourists. The arch was commissioned as a triumphal monument by emperor Galerius in order to celebrate the victorious campaign against the Sassanid Persians in 298 A.D. and the capture of their capital Ctesiphon. A monument that has many stories to tell As an excellent sample of the roman monumental architecture of the 4th century A.D., it has wonderfully crafted marble panels on each pillar. They have decorative and narrative characteristics. The sculpted decoration still impresses, while representations of certain events can be easily viewed and studied. While the purpose was to emphasize the triumph of Rome, it is of no surprise that the center of the scenes depicted is the emperor and the imperial family. Emperor Galerius (Gaius Galerius Valerius Maximianus Augustus) is presented mounted while attacking, as an eagle bearing a victory wreath approaches him. The panel expresses the power of the Roman Caesar, a basic and crucial element of the Roman political theory. The Persian soldiers are depicted significantly smaller in size while they can be easily distinguished by their oriental dressing. The emperor’s figure is dominant and the majority of the scenes is reffered to the battles and triumphs of the campaign. The presence of elephants and especially camels in the Northern pillar of the arch is a rather exotic addition that helps the viewer localize the events. Caesar’s forgiveness and mercifulness (clementia) is also present as a virtue while the emperor is appeared to forgive the defetead enemies. Roman Arch of Galerius (Kamara) Thessaloniki 4th century AD. The Arch of Galerius was an impressive building that would definitely surprise every visitor of the Roman city of Thessalonica Discovering Thessaloniki of the Roman period As part of a larger architectural complex that also included the Palace of Galerius, and the impressive circular structure of Rotonda into one unified entity, it clearly reminds us of the long, rich roman history of the city. Located near ancient Via Egnatia, it was originally forming a triple arch connecting the above structures with the main street. Today in a similar way it is near the modern Egnatia Street, while it remains in a straight line, next to the palace located in Navarino Square in the South, and the Temple of Rotonda in the North. In its initial form the Arch had four main pillars and four secondary, two in the North side and two in the South. Today only two of the main pillars and one of the secondaries are still present and restored. What the Roman citizens of Thessaloniki were able to see in Via Regia (the main street of the city), was an identical building like the present Arch into one single architectural entity. Thessaloniki during the 4th Century AD – Roman period. The Arch of Galerius was located right at the center of the Roman Thessaloniki. It was the connecting element between the Galerian Palace and the temple of Rotonda in the North Always keep in mind that Thessaloniki is a city full of treasures! Sometimes popping up in front of us, sometimes remaining hidden, they will be revealed to those who will look closer and feel the whispers that can still be heard… Being one of the most recognizable and characteristic monuments of the city, ”Kamara” is a landmark for most local residents and a commonly accepted meeting point for the majority of the city’s college students. It is easily accessible, while the majority of the most interesting places worth seeing are within a relatively small walkable distance. After visiting the monument you can relax in one of the several café, located around it.

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Арка Галерия

144 Egnatia

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The Palace of Galerius

It is not a surprise the fact that Thessaloniki is like a huge open museum and a wonderful destination for every history and museum lover. Greek, Roman and Byzantine antiquities can be found in every step of the city’s historic center something quite reasonable having in mind the adventurous past of this place! Emperor Galerius and Thessaloniki Thessaloniki existed as an important commercial and political center throughout many phases of its 23 centuries old history. One of the key factors that kept this privilege unaffected was the unique, strategic location of the city! The Roman period was not an exception to this rule. Having in mind the prosperity of “Thessalonica” during these centuries we can easily understand that Roman rulers like Emperor Galerius soon realized the potential this city had and tried to take advantage of it, acting accordingly… Having risen in power as one of the Tetrarchy rulers and after his successful campaign against the Persians in 299 AD, Galerius chose Thessaloniki as one of the capitals of the province. He made extended efforts to further enhance the importance of the city in order to emerge as an administrative center by constructing several buildings some of which were impressively luxurious and decorated in great detail! His ambitious plan was aiming at transforming Thessaloniki into a well-organized administrative center in order to meet the needs of the newly created Roman province! The Palace Complex of Galerius The most impressive construction of all was the imposive Palatial Complex that included several different areas and buildings. In order for someone to fully appreciate its importance for Thessaloniki, we must first realize its overwhelming size for the Greek standards! The Galerius palace complex was the administrative center of the Roman Thessaloniki. During the rule of Galerius the city emerged as a financial and trade center of the wider Roman region. The Galerius Complex was located in the heart of the Roman Thessaloniki. It was built on a straight axis ranging from the North to the South including buildings like the Rotonda, the Triumphant Arch (Kamara), the Palace, the Octagon and the Hippodrome. The main area was surrounded by buildings that were incorporating typical Roman architecture of religious or monumental character like the Basilica or the Nymphaeum that was serving religious needs. The Northern section of the complex was connected at the height of Kamara to Via Egnatia, one of the most important trade Routes of the wider Roman region. The Atrium was surrounded by a magnificent colonnade while the elaborately decorated mosaic floors, the statues and the connected arcades were giving an impression of power and prosperity. The Octagon located at the Southwest side next to the Basilica was perhaps the most luxurious building of all! It is possible that it was the throne room of the Tetrarch ruler while it was beautifully decorated and several meters higher when compared to the rest architectural elements of the complex. As a hall, the Palace Complex of Galerius was spreading over an area of 150.000 m2 that today includes Rotonda, Navarino Plaza, the parallel streets and the temple of Agia Sofia to the west! Along with the Roman Forum (Ancient Agora) they were the center of daily life in Roman Thessaloniki! Galerius Palace Reconstruction tth Century AD Thessaloniki – The Octagon Room is one of the most important architectural elements of the Galerian Palace Complex. Because of its impressive size and luxury it is possible that the throne of the Tetrarch ruler was located here. Excavations and Sightseeing The extended archaeological research brought to the surface some exceptional findings the majority of which can be viewed at the Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki. Among them lies a wonderful marble arch that depicts Galerius himself along with surprisingly detailed curved motifs! Given its size, the restoration efforts were partially completed. They lasted several years while in some places like the “Arched Hall” in Navarino Plaza they are still in progress. Almost all parts of the Palatial Complex are open to the public in a beautiful outdoor museum. The visitors have the chance to see the restored parts of the Atrium, the Arcades and the Basilica, the marbled floors and some brilliant mosaics! Navarino Plaza is a popular meeting point for the younger ages and the city’s college community. It is the place that has perhaps the most intense diy atmosphere in Thessaloniki…and the best crepperies! If you feel like having a coffee or lunch you’ll find several café and taverns right next to the Galerian Complex! The location of the Palatial Complex at the center of Thessaloniki offers countless possible combinations on where to go and what to see! The White Tower and Nikis Avenue are just minutes away while heading North you’ll discover Ano Poli (Upper Town), the Byzantine Walls and the Trigonio Tower.

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The Palace of Galerius

Platia Navarinou

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Along with your walk to Ano Poli don’t miss the chance to have a closer look to the Byzantine fortifications that still surround part of the modern city center. You will feel like travelling back into the city’s past from within as the whole place is surrounded by history! The city’s fortification reveals once again the importance given by every Emperor, Ruler, King or Sultan to Thessaloniki as a financial and political center, because of its strategic location. The Walls of Thessalonica These impressive structures were built to protect the city from raids and withstand long sieges, something that they actually did most of the times. The city was initially fortified right after its foundation in the late 4th century BC but the present walls are dated back to the early Byzantine period around 390 AD during the reign of emperor Theodosius, while they still incorporate some parts of the earlier constructions. Their defensive abilities are quite impressive! They were 7 kilometers long while at some points they were up to 10 meters high and almost 5 meters thick. They were decorated with various symbols like suns, crosses or carved marble inscriptions near the gates. A number of fortresses and defensive towers were added during different periods of history like the Seven Towers Fortress (Heptapirgion) and the Tower Of Trigoniou located near the Acropolis. Several square, circle or polygon shaped towers were also built along the entire perimeter. The Walls were still surrounding the city until the late 19th century when large parts including the entire seaward section were demolished as the Ottoman authorities were trying to change some of the city’s urban features.

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Белая башня Салоники

130 Eptapirgiou

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Башня Алиссеос

Being perhaps the most imposing element of the city’s walls and one of the most popular sights in Thessaloniki the Tower of Trigonion is a medieval masterpiece. Having built in the second half of the 15th century aD it was used as an armory and an artillery tower. It was strategically placed to the precise location of the walls that had to absorb most of the pressure during a siege or raid. Byzantine Walls Thessaloniki – The Trigonion Tower is one of the most impressive elements of the Walls and a favorite spot for tourists and photography lovers! As the entire area is several meters high above the sea level it turned to be an excellent observatory for the city’s Akropolis. During the Ottoman rule the Tower was also known as Zincirli Kule (Chain Tower) or Kusakli Kule (Belted Tower). While standing next to Trigoniou Tower and the Main Gate (Portara) on the highest part of the Walls you’ll have the chance to enjoy the magnificent view of the Gulf of Thermaikos and clearly see the limits of the old city which is actually today’s historic center!! Don’t miss the chance to enjoy your coffee or drink in one of the several beautiful café near the tower or try some delicacies on a local tavern. Prices are normal and the atmosphere is friendly and relaxing. Walking is the best way to enjoy the Byzantine Walls and the surrounding area as you’ll only need around 15 minutes to get there starting from Galerius Arch or Rotonda.

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Башня Алиссеос

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Bezesteni Market

The Ottoman era of the city’s history left a very important architectural legacy of several buildings that still remind us of the rich multicultural past of Thessaloniki. Bezesteni is perhaps one of the most characteristic samples of many buildings that can be found in several parts of the historic center and deserve more attention as they are small treasures indeed. Built by Sultan Mehmet II in 1455 – 1459 AD it is one of the oldest Ottoman buildings still standing in the center of Thessaloniki. It was used by the Ottomans for a number of commercial and financial activities thus making it a very important center for every region that had one. The building’s architecture is typical of the 15th century Ottoman style that can be found in other similar buildings in Greece (Serres) or abroad, mostly in the Balkans. Its name means Fabric Market (ben = fabric in Turkish, bezesten). An institution of great importance for every Ottoman city Trading valuable objects and artifacts, safe keeping important documents and controlling the quality of the merchandise and money were some of the functions/services that each Bezesteni was responsible for at a daily basis. It is characterized by some rare architectural elements that differentiate it from the majority of the buildings. In the roof there are six well preserved domes in 2 rows while the main structure has 4 entrances. Inside the building seven double arches support the two main pillars of the structure. It remained vibrant and active until the destructive fire of 1917. After the destruction the building took its final form while new additions were built in order for new stores to be added. Even today you’ll find several small shops that offer fabrics, jewels, and flowers thus keeping a part of its historic commercial character. Although Bezesteni is not as impressive as other Ottoman buildings, its importance lies to the fact that it is a part of the old Ottoman Thessaloniki that still remains alive. A reminder of the common architectural legacy this city shares with the Balkans. After being carefully restored during the 1990’s, Bezesteni hosts several photographic, artistic and cultural events. Some of them are taking place in the upper level of the buildings interior A small visit will not disappoint all those who wish to feel a glimpse of the eastern, Ottoman spirit of the city! You can easily find it in Venizelou Avenue heading north, just before Egnatia St in the center of the city. The entrance is Free of charge. It remains open during the shops’ working hours. If you are interested in visiting more monuments from the same historic period of the city’s past (Ottoman), a visit to Bey Hamam that is located north of Aristotelous Plaza should be your next destination. Venizelou Avenue is one of the city’s most vibrant and commercial streets of Thessaloniki. There are several shops and some really nice taverns, just a few minutes away from Bezesteni.

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Bezesteni Market

Papadopoulou

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While visiting the historic Ano Poli (also known as Old city or Upper town) you’ll easily realize that you are in the heart of the Medieval Byzantine Thessaloniki. The Akropolis and Heptapyrgion through the centuries Located inside the Akropolis of Thessaloniki, Heptapyrgion was built by the Byzantines during the Paleologian Dynasty (14th century AD). It was constructed over an older citadel possibly dated back to the 9th century AD. It was used as a garrison for the city’s military guard and a safe retreat for the indigenous population in case of siege or raids. Having a distinct defensive character the structure was consisted of a main castle that was overlooking the entire area while it was protected by strong walls and defensive towers in several spots. According to sources, the name “Heptapyrgion” (Seven Towers Fortress) came from the seven towers on the Northern side of the Akropolis’ castle. Several large gates (Portares) were leading to the inside yard of the complex while the Trigonio Tower on the Southeast was by far one of its most powerful and impressive elements. It was strategically located at the Acropolis’ boundaries thus connecting it to the city walls (that were extending for kilometers until the sea)! Along with the Vardarium Fortress to the west, Top hane and the White Tower on the South, Yedi Kule (as it was later called by the Ottomans) was one of the city’s crucial defensive features during an invasion. The location of the Heptapyrgion was ideal for a construction of such defensive nature because of its altitude and high ground that offered clear view of the surrounding land. For all these reasons it was considered of strategic importance and value, something that became very clear from the Hellenistic period of the city’s history! It is safe to assume that the initial fortification of this location took place right after the founding of Thessaloniki in the 3rd century BC! Even after the Ottoman conquer in 1430 AD, the new rulers made extensive efforts over the necessary improvements and additions the Heptapyrgion needed. Heptapyrgion – Yedi Kule (Seven Towers Fortress) Plan of Yedi Kule. We can easily distinguish the difference between the medieval constructions and the buildings that were later added while it was used as a prison Heptapyrgion as a prison (Yedi Kule) The current configuration of the monument includes the Byzantine fortress along with its towers and several buildings that were later added when Yedi Kule was used as a prison in 1890. Their creation caused significant deteriorations to the structure’s initial architecture. In 1989 the prison was finally transferred outside Thessaloniki and Yedi Kule came under the jurisdiction of the Greek Ministry of Culture. Since then it has been partially restored while there are plans for a wider reconstruction that will include the entire area. Today it hosts various artistic and cultural events from all over Greece. Within a small walkable distance from Yedi Kule you’ll discover some really nice small cafes that definitely deserve your attention. Don’t miss the chance to enjoy your coffee outdoors, especially on a warm, sunny day! If you wish to continue your sightseeing, the historic Monastery of Vlatadon is just a few minutes away! Like most destinations in Ano Poli this spot offers fantastic view! Take your time and relax, enjoy a beautiful sunset full of colors and don’t forget your camera!

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130 Eptapirgiou

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Monuments

Μέγας Αλέξανδρος

In the area of Nea Paralia, one of the most popular, full of energy places of Thessaloniki you’ll find the monument of one of the most famous and influential personalities of all times. A person that created a legend still heard until today. This is the monument of Alexander the 3rd, also known as ‘Alexander the Great’. Born in 356Bc in Pella, Macedonia he was the son of King Phillip the 2nd of Macedon and Princess Olympiada whose origin was from Epirus. He had the privilege to be educated by one of the greatest philosophers of all time, Aristotle. Alexander inherited the throne of the Macedonian Kingdom right after his father’s assassination in 336 Bc. Taking advantage of his father’s crucial financial and military reforms that took place during its reign, Alexander managed to further extend the Macedonian influence to the majority of the Greek city states. The impressive statue of Alexander the Great in Thessaloniki is the creation of the artist Evaggelos Moustakas. It was revealed in 1973 while its height is more than 6m (20 ft.) After taking control of the Panellinian League (Greek Alliance) that was created by King Phillip in order to face the Persian aggression, he used some of the most genius strategies and military tactics thus ending up in some of the greatest triumphs in human history. The battles of Issus, of the Granicus River and Gaugamela are still being studied by historians and expert analysts while they remain an example, a case study concerning the tactics used and their efficiency. Until his death in 323Bc in Babylon he had already created an enormous empire stretching from Thrace and Macedonia to the depths of Egypt and the Indian peninsula in the Far East. New commercial trade routes were established for the first time allowing an interaction between civilizations that had never met before! Alexander’s achievements had already set the basis for the era to come…. An age where Greek civilization spread all over the world at an unprecedented level thus influencing science, art and culture. Hundreds of myths and stories were being told about him in many countries while there were several references about him in the Arab, Persian, Islamic, Byzantine and European traditions and art. Monument of Alexander the Great – Nea Paralia Thessaloniki The monument of Alexander the Great is located in one of the most popular areas of Thessaloniki, in Nea Paralia right by the sea. You will easily find it right after the city’s symbol, the White Tower and the Royal Theater, heading east. Monument of Alexander the Great – Nea Paralia (Garden of Alexander) It is an impressive, six meters (20 ft.) tall monument that represents Alexander while riding his horse “Voukefalas” (Bucephalus), one of the most famous actual horses of antiquity. After an extended reconstruction that lasted two and a half years the entire waterfront area of Thessaloniki along with Nea Paralia transformed into a wonderful place, ideal for a relaxing walk, jogging or biking! Along with your visit to the monument you’ll also have the chance to see the newly created thematic parks and meet many Thessalonians in their daily activities, enjoy your coffee or watch a wonderful sunset! You will soon understand why the locals love this place so much… Many unique findings of the Macedonian dynasty along with priceless artifacts and exhibits are being displayed in the Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki and the truly unique, beautiful Macedonian Museum in Vergina. While walking along Nea Paralia don’t miss the chance to visit the architectural treasures of Vasilissis Olgas Avenue. You’ll find it without any difficulty as it is parallel to the city’s waterfront heading east towards the Music Hall of Thessaloniki.

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Μέγας Αλέξανδρος

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Philip II of Macedon

Around the White tower area you will easily notice several statues and monuments devoted to several personalities that shaped the modern or ancient Greek history. One of them is King Phillip the Second of Macedon, father of Alexander III of Macedon, further known as Alexander the Great. After coming to power in 360 BC Phillip methodically expanded the kingdoms political and military influence, while improved and modernized the economy. King Phillip’s Statue – White Tower Area. King Phillip’s statue is located in the White tower area. Just a few hundred meters away you’ll find the monument of his son, Alexander III of the Macedon, also known as Alexander The Great. Macedonian Phalanx and Alexander III One of the most important innovations introduced by Phillip II at a military level was without any doubt the creation of Macedonian Phalanx infantry formation that was later used by his son Alexander III against the Achaemenid Empire of the Persians. The reforms that took place under the reign of Phillip mostly focused on improving train and discipline, while the shaped formations and introduction of “Sarissa” long pike were critical for the future campaign. Walking east by the sea after a short time you will be able to see the older Statue of Alexander the Great, one of most popular monuments and symbols of the city that is currently under reconstruction along with the surrounding seafront area. King Phillip’s Statue – White Tower Area. A beautiful detail from the statue of King Phillip II of Macedon. According to its creators, the Corinthian helm represents the unity achieved under his reign. Spend some time to visit the Archaeological Museum of Thessaloniki and the Museum of Vergina. They definitely deserve your attention as you will be able to see wonderful gold creations and fine samples of the sophisticated Ancient Macedonian Art along with many others worth visiting exhibits.

Philip II of Macedon

1 Nik. Germanou

Pavlou Mela

He was born in 1870 in Marseilles, France and started serving in the Greek army after his graduation from the Military Academy in 1891. After his initial efforts to further financially support the Greek struggle he traveled into the occupied part of Macedonia in Northern Greece and made serious efforts to establish, organize and equip military units in order to face the Bulgarian troops. In October 1904 he was killed in the village of Statista after being surrounded by Ottoman forces. After his death he became a symbol for many Greeks during the difficult times of the Macedonian Struggle and the Balkan Wars. Having only a few men under his commands, Pavlos Melas represents the strength and courage displayed by many, against all odds. This is perhaps one of the reasons that the statue devoted to his memory is placed in such a prominent position in the surrounding area of the White Tower, the symbol of the city of Thessaloniki. Just a couple of minutes away you will easily spot the Statue of another great personality that without a doubt affected a huge part of ancient Greek history, King Phillip II Of Macedon. Many of Pavlos Mela’s personal belongings can be seen in the Museum of the Macedonian Struggle in the center of Thessaloniki and the Museum named after him in the city of Kastoria.

Pavlou Mela

Статуя Элефтериоса Венизелоса

On the North side of the popular Aristotelous Plaza right before the Roman Forum (Agora) lies the statue of Eleftherios Venizelos one of the most influential personalities of the modern Greek history. Having taken some of the most important decisions that affected Greece during the entire 20th century Eleftherios Venizelos played a key role in certain events that turned out to be critical for the city of Thessaloniki. While he was serving as a Prime Minister Venizelos succeeded in restoring diplomatic relations with Greece’s neighbors and expanded many constitutional reforms. He also made serious efforts in order to modernize the economy, organize the army and establish the country’s diplomatic and geostrategic influence. After a number of victorious battles in the Balkan Wars (1912-1913) during the First World War (1914–1918) he made serious efforts to bring Greece on the side of the Allies, further expanding the Greek borders into Minor Asia. However, his pro-Allied foreign policy brought him in direct conflict with the monarchy thus causing the National Schism. The national schism period The Schism poisoned the national unity and created hatred and vengefulness among the population dividing them into the supporters of King Constantine I and “Venizelists”. The continuous struggle between these two groups seriously affected Greece at a political and social level for decades. In 1935 Venizelos resurfaced out of retirement to support a military movement against the Greek Government. Its failure severely weakened him and his supporters and Democracy itself. After that he left the country and went to Paris where he lived until his death in 1936. He was considered a very capable, brilliant in terms of politics man whose actions shaped the Modern Greek History. His monument now stands in one of the most popular plazas of Greece, Aristotelous plaza in the center of the city in a prominent position. After having a look all around you will easily spot Panagia Halkeon on the west side of the plaza and the well-known Bey Hamam on the east. Both of them are well known historic places with their own beauty so don’t miss the opportunity to pay a visit!

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Статуя Элефтериоса Венизелоса

78 Egnatia

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Platia Eleftherias

Definitely one of the most important monuments of the city is the one located in Freedom Plaza near the harbor area. It reminds us of all the tragedies and devastating events that Thessaloniki suffered during the 2nd World War. In these difficult years one of the most important and active communities of the city was almost extinct while losing a huge part of its population. Only a few came back and were able to re-unite with their families after the end of war in 1945. German invasion and persecution of Jewish Community The invasion of the German troops in March 1941 was the beginning of the end for the Sephardic community of Thessaloniki. The persecutions that took place was only the beginning as the creation of ghettos and the forced labor that followed made the situation even worse. In March 1943, the first trains started moving the prisoners to their final destination… the camps of Auschwitz and Birkenau. More than 46.000 Thessalonians were transferred to the concentration camps in this way, under the worst possible conditions. Only around 1950 persons finally managed to return home. A percent equal to 4% of those left. Having settled in the city of Thessaloniki in 1492 after they were forced to leave Spain, the Sephardi Jews was one of the most important and historic ethnic communities in entire Europe. They significantly contributed into making Thessaloniki an important financial and commercial center while the city was given the honorary title of “Mother of Israel”. Freedom Plaza today Today, Freedom Plaza in the center of the city is where the monument in memory and honor of the holocaust victims stand. It is the place where thousands were gathered by the Nazi before being sent to the concentration camps. Several architectural competitions along with many interesting proposals have taken place, while discussions are being held concerning the restoration of the old plaza and the design of its new features. Freedom Plaza is one of the most historic landmarks of Thessaloniki. Many architectural treasures like the Stein building were created more than a century ago! The creation of a monument worth of the tragic events that shocked the Jewish community and the city of Thessaloniki is an issue currently being discussed in many levels. Until today, the Jewish Museum of Thessaloniki is the only place where unique information can be found about the Jewish Communities (Sephardic, Romaniotes) of the city along with a deeper look to all the tragic events that followed during the 20th century. Of course Freedom Plaza is also related to many other important historic events that marked the modern history of Thessaloniki including the New Turks movement, the destructive fire of 1917 that transformed the city center and the fierce struggles of the labor movement a few years later. It is surrounded by architectural treasures like the unique “Stein” tower that counts more than a hundred years of life and other important buildings. Because of its central location in Coastal “Nikis” Avenue you’ll have the chance to visit the Cinema Museum in the harbor or the extremely interesting Photography Museum right next to it! You can also combine your visit with a walk by the sea or even a visit to the White tower, the most prominent building of the city.

Platia Eleftherias

Explore

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Continuing your walk, you will soon see It, standing out, proud and dandy: the eternal trademark of Thessaloniki, The White Tower . A fantastic surprise is awaiting for you in the inside; a museum that will reveal the Tower’s secrets to you, as you make your way up to the top of the Tower to an unparalleled view. The area around the White Tower is a popular meeting point and a place for street artists and merchants. If you have some free time your hands, be sure to take a ride on one of the beautiful small ships that take you on a 30’ mini-cruise to the Thermaic Gulf, offering a panoramic view of the port of the city, perfect for some amazing scenery photography. After the Whitte tower comes a very pleasant surprise! The new parks of Nea Paralia (New Watefront) area after an extensive reconstruction that lasted more than 2 years have now been completed! Believe us they’ll make your day even more beautiful! The walk ends at the Concert Hall of Thessaloniki, at a distance of about 4km.

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Площадь Аристотела

Up next is Aristotle Square, Thessaloniki’s bigger and trademark square. It goes all the way up to Egnatia St. so it’s up to you to decide whether to make it a part of your seafront walk or leave it for a separate walk in the city center itself. In any case, along Aristotle Sq. you’ll see some of the most beautiful buildings of the city, Electra Palace and Olympion Cinema being two of them. Aristotle Sq. hosts many music, social and cultural events throughout the year and is the center of all the Christmas decorations that give the city a postcardy feeling. Don’t forget to have your picture taken next to Greek philosopher and polymath teacher of Alexander the Great, Aristotle’s statue, somewhere on the right side of the square!

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Площадь Аристотела

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Лададика

Following the most popular shopping street of Thessaloniki, Tsimiski Avenue, right after Platia Eleftherias (Freedom Plaza), you will discover “Ladadika” district, a beautiful walkable area which is one of the favorite destinations for both local and tourist visitors and the city’s college community. Ladadika is one of the hot spots of Thessaloniki when it comes to entertainment. It is located in a central area right opposite to the port’s central gate and within a five-minute walk from Aristotle’s square. The colorful buildings are two-story with wide, rectangular windows and, along with the paved alleys, they exhale the spirit of old Thessaloniki. Here the old merges with the new. Great music, food and chill atmosphere Beautiful Bistro’s and cafes, bars and pubs, clubs and after can be found all over Ladadika The word Ladadika literally means the shops that sell oil and its products. The area used to be the central market and bazaar of the city during the ottoman occupation or even earlier. It was also known as “Egyptian Market”. It hosted numerous shops and stores but since the Great Fire of 1917 and afterwards, it began to decline and some decades later only the oil selling shops remained open. This was until the late ’70s when the area was fully abandoned. In 1985 it was declared a historical monument by the Ministry of Culture; the entire area was protected by law in order to preserve its original style and character. Ladadika soon came back to life, when small taverns, bars and restaurants opened and reoccupied the once abandoned and now renovated old buildings and welcomed the locals and tourists of all ages. Experiencing Thessaloniki’s nightlife The colorful historic buildings and the traditional small plazas turn Ladadika into one of the most beautiful destinations Since the 1990s, the local restaurants and taverns used to be well known for their cheerful, friendly and vibrant atmosphere; even on weekdays and noons the spontaneous dances and small parties between locals and tourists were frequent and the alcohol flowed.. Nowadays, despite the financial crisis, Ladadika still feature one of the most frequently visited places of the city both by locals and by visitors. Espresso bars, coffee shops, tavernas, beer stores and so on can be found here. The colors, sounds and smells of Ladadika will give you a fair taste of Thessalonian entertainment. The entire area is for pedestrians only, thus giving you the chance to take your time, walk around and take a look until you spot the perfect place for you. Make sure you don’t miss Ladadika during your stay in Thessaloniki. If you’d like to discover some similar destinations, be sure to check Valaoritou district and Bit Bazzar as well! While most destinations are considered reasonable and affordable, there are certain places that are more expensive than the average. Looking for quality accommodation near Ladadika? Check our accommodation offers!

280 (рекомендации местных жителей)

Лададика

280 (рекомендации местных жителей)

Athonos

Athonos Square is one of the most vibrant and interesting areas of Thessaloniki. It is located just before Aristotelous Plaza within a small walkable distance about 200m west of the church of Agia Sofia (Holy Wisdom) thus lying in the heart of the city center. A historic plaza full of music and scents The place is considered one of the best places to eat and a favorite destination for both locals, college students and tourist visitors. There are several taverns specialized in Greek traditional cuisine and recipes, while several Balkan and Eastern flavors and influences are quite obvious as well. This pretty much depicts the city’s identity and history, as Thessaloniki was the crossroad of several different civilizations each one representing a different food culture and philosophy. The majority of the taverns and restaurants are beautifully decorated and some include live Greek traditional music. The environment is usually warm and friendly. Prices are generally considered reasonable and the service is accurate. If you visit the area during the day you will discover some traditional small shops that offer spices, food products, hand made straw items and small furnitures made with care. For many decades the entire area was one of the most busy commercial destinations of the city. Make your own combination of salads and other smaller but less expensive tempting dishes. Try as many different flavors as possible! The dessert is usually provided free of charge everywhere. If you are looking something different you can always try the well hidden “Bit Bazaar” area or the also well-known tourist “Ladadika” district whether you are interested in having a drink or go clubbing.

Athonos

Bit Bazar

Another popular destination especially when it comes to Thessaloniki’s youth and college community is the old Bit Bazaar located north of Aristotelous plaza, about 300m east of the Roman Forum. Following the arcades to a secret cozy square Unlike Athonos plaza and Ladadika area, Bit Bazaar is not an obvious, easy to find location. On the contrary, although it has several different entrances, the main plaza is surrounded by tall buildings thus making it difficult to be seen. Don’t hesitate to ask some of the locals in order to explain you how to get there. Bit Bazaar is relatively popular, especially among young people. Back in 1928 when thousands of immigrants from Asia Minor settled in this part of the city, a number of buildings were constructed in order for the housing needs to be covered. Most of them had small shops on the ground floor. During the last decades several of them were used as antique shops as the whole place was being used as a market. Some of these still exist and offer many interesting and sometimes rare items. Today many traditional little taverns that serve wine, retsina and small dishes of delicacies (mezedes) have taken their place. Although a bit noisy sometimes, the atmosphere is warm and friendly. Having a little more wine than usual is essential in order to feel the spirit. Because of the low prices and its location it is mostly preferred by college students. If you wish something more “exotic”, you should definitely visit “La enye”. A beautiful tapas tavern that offers authentic sangria and delicious paella Valenciana! Βit Bazaar is definitely one of the places to visit when the weather becomes warmer in Thessaloniki. You will be able to find a seat outside and enjoy the whole atmosphere that becomes even more pleasant. Following Olympou str. while heading west is the easier way to find the location without getting lost…Give it a chance and it will be quite a surprise!

57 (рекомендации местных жителей)

Bit Bazar

7 Tositsa

57 (рекомендации местных жителей)

Ano Poli

On the north of Thessaloniki lies the Upper or Old Town, the only part of the city that survived the big fire of 1917. The Upper Town will make you feel as if time stood still; you’ll immediately be stricken by its unique style, so different from that of the rest of Thessaloniki that will travel you back to the city’s Byzantine past. Feeling the spirit of the Old City Because of its location, it is where the city’s main fortress and other defensive structures (Eptapirgion, Trigonio Tower) were built during the Byzantine and Ottoman period. A large part of the Byzantine Walls that surrounded Thessaloniki have been well preserved, adding to the beauty of the city’s Acropolis. Ano Poli can be reached on foot, if you don’t mind a bit of walking, or by bus (22, 23). Take a stroll in the graphic stone paved little streets surrounded by small beautiful ottoman houses and enjoy the amazing panoramic view of the city and sea – catching the sunset is to be sought-after. Do not miss out on the numerous little taverns with traditional cuisine of Minor Asia and Macedonia that reflect the area’s history and cultural identity, at very reasonable prices. You can also get yourself some souvenirs of your visit in Thessaloniki in small tourist shops that are awaiting you! Looking a bit more carefully at the Byzantine Walls you will be able to notice the limits of the old city even today because of the surviving fortification on several parts of it.. Take some time to visit the old Byzantine church of “Agios Nikolaos” and the “Monastery of Vlatadon”, both built in the 14th century A.D. They are some of the oldest buildings that can be found in Ano Poli. During the last four decades, the intense residential development and the lack of proper urban planning threatened to destroy the historic character of Ano Poli. Fortunately today many important buildings have been either restored or renovated thus keeping the old spirit.

136 (рекомендации местных жителей)

Ano Poli

136 (рекомендации местных жителей)

Зонгопулос Зонгопулос

Ένα στολίδι για τη Θεσσαλονίκη που ξεχωρίζει, επιβάλλεται και είναι αναπόσπαστο κομμάτι στο παραλιακό της μέτωπο, είναι οι Ομπρέλες. Το εντυπωσιακό γλυπτό του Ζογγολόπουλου που για πρώτη φορά είχε τοποθετηθεί στην παραλία το 1997 στα πλαίσια του Θεσσαλονίκη Πολιτιστική πρωτεύουσα της Ευρώπης. Μετά την παράδοση της νέας Παραλίας οι Ομπρέλες βρέθηκαν σε νέα θέση. Είναι τώρα πιο κοντά στα άλλα δύο σύμβολα της πόλης, το άγαλμα του Μεγάλου Αλεξάνδρου και τον Λευκό Πύργο. Το διάσημο γλυπτό φιλοξενείται πάνω σε μια ξύλινη εξέδρα που κατασκευάστηκε για αυτό το λόγο, έχει δημιουργηθεί κατάλληλος φωτισμός για να ξεχωρίζει το βράδυ, ενώ δίπλα ακριβώς, λειτουργούν στη σειρά μικροί πίδακες νερού, ένα στοιχείο, που πάντα ήθελε ο καλλιτέχνης να σχετίζεται με τα έργα του. Πίδακες νερού στις Ομπρέλες της Θεσσαλονίκης Δεν είναι υπερβολή να πει κάποιος πως οι Ομπρέλες είναι για τη Θεσσαλονίκη ένα ακόμη σήμα κατατεθέν μαζί με τον Λευκό Πύργο. Σε αυτό συντέλεσε και το γεγονός ότι ταίριαξε και έγινε κομμάτι της καθημερινότητάς για τους κατοίκους της Θεσσαλονίκης. Σε αντίθεση με άλλα γλυπτά έχει ζωντάνια, πλαστικότητα και έχεις την ελευθερία να μπορείς να κινηθείς ανάμεσά του, να το αγγίξεις, να φωτογραφηθείς μαζί του. Σίγουρα η ικανοποίηση που εξέφρασε ο Ζογγολόπουλος όταν για πρώτη φορά στήθηκε το έργο του στη Νέα Παραλία, τώρα θα ξεπερνούσε κάθε προηγούμενο. Ο απέραντος ορίζοντας και οι αυστηρές λιτές γραμμές του παραλιακού μετώπου είχε πει τότε, ότι συνθέτουν το κατάλληλο τοπίο για να αναδειχθεί το έργο του. Ομπρέλες της Θεσσαλονίκης, στη Νέα Παραλία Η αγάπη με την οποία έχει υποδεχτεί ο κόσμος τις Ομπρέλες είναι αυτό ακριβώς που επιζητούσε ο καλλιτέχνης για τα έργα του. Να είναι κομμάτι της ζωής τους, όπως και η ομπρέλα σαν καθημερινό αντικείμενο που μας προστατεύει από τη βροχή αλλά και τον ήλιο. Να αποτελεί σαν έργο τέχνης κάτι το ξεχωριστό, να τραβάει το ενδιαφέρον και την προσοχή αλλά να ζει και να κινείται ελεύθερα δίπλα στους ανθρώπους. Για όποιον ζει στην Θεσσαλονίκη αλλά και για τους επισκέπτες είναι μια οικεία εικόνα η παρουσία τόσων πολλών ανθρώπων που στέκονται για να θαυμάσουν αλλά και να φωτογραφηθούν ή να παίξουν με τις ομπρέλες. Έχει γίνει η εξέδρα αυτή, αγαπημένο σημείο συνάντησης για ερωτευμένα ζευγάρια, παρέες, οικογένειες, ποδηλάτες, τουρίστες που κάθονται να δροσιστούν δίπλα στους πίδακες νερού και να αγγίξουν μια από τις ομπρέλες νιώθοντας κομμάτι του επιβλητικού αυτού γλυπτού. Ομπρέλες του Ζογγολόπουλου στη Θεσσαλονίκη Στο πέρασμα των χρόνων βέβαια βρέθηκαν κάποιοι που στέρησαν¨ μία από τις ομπρέλες από το έργο , αλλά μετά την ολοκλήρωση της ανάπλασης της Νέας παραλίας, το γλυπτό καθαρίστηκε και αναπληρώθηκε η τεσσαρακοστή ομπρέλα του. Οι ομπρέλες του Ζογγολόπουλου πρώτη φορά παρουσιάστηκαν το 1995 στη Βενετία σε μια πλωτή εξέδρα και έγιναν σημείο αναφοράς της Biennale και άτυπα, το σήμα κατατεθέν της για τη συγκεκριμένη χρονιά. Το 1997 όπως προαναφέρθηκε, στα πλαίσια του Θεσσαλονίκη πολιτιστική πρωτεύουσα το ίδιο γλυπτό που κοσμούσε την 45η Βiennale , τοποθετήθηκε στην παραλία κοντά στο ύψος του Μακεδονία Παλλάς. Ομπρέλες της Νέας Παραλίας από ψηλά Επειδή όμως στην περιοχή πνέουν δυνατοί άνεμοι, ο καλλιτέχνης πρόσθεσε κάθετες ράβδους, οι οποίες έδιναν την αίσθηση της βροχής αλλά συντελούσαν στην στήριξη του έργου και τη στατικότητά του. Το 1998 στο Ψυχικό που βρίσκεται και το ίδρυμα του Ζογγολόπουλου, στο σημείο Φάρος τοποθετήθηκε παραλλαγή του γλυπτού της Θεσσαλονίκης . Παρόμοιο γλυπτό, υδροκίνητο και μικρότερο σε μέγεθος είχε τοποθετηθεί έξω από το Μακεδονικό Μουσείο σύγχρονης τέχνης μέσα στη Δ.Ε.Θ το 1993. Ενώ η παραλλαγή αυτού του υδροκίνητου γλυπτού είχε τοποθετηθεί το 1995 έξω από το Συμβούλιο Υπουργών της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης στις Βρυξέλλες, το οποίο απέσπασε το Α΄Πανευρωπαικό βραβείο στο διαγωνισμό.

70 (рекомендации местных жителей)

Зонгопулос Зонгопулос

70 (рекомендации местных жителей)

Valaoritou

The area around Valaoritou St. is an excellent destination if you want to feel the city’s rhythm and experience its nightlife like a true Thessalonian. Valaoritou is one of the most popular areas of the city!! It is an old commercial area which has gotten new recognition with the numerous bars, beer houses and clubs that have flourished over the past decade in its old, often beautiful neo-classical buildings, making it a hotspot for the young population. The party goes all night long! Among them, you’ll be sure to find your place no matter what your music taste: rock, pop, jazz, alternative, electronic, chill out. And if you’re lucky to be visiting Thessaloniki in the summer, you’ll have a wonderful experience in all the little streets of Valaoritou, Sygrou, Leontos Sofou and Fragon, filled with tables and people having fun as one big friendly crowd. Especially after midnight, more and more people gather as the party starts and most of the bars turn into clubs as the entire place gets louder and cheerful! For those staying at the center, the location is a big plus – not a cent wasted on buses or taxis – you can save it all for drinks, which are quite affordable anyway! Valaoritou is on the southwest of the historical center of Thessaloniki, within walking distance from Aristotle Square (about 300m), just underneath Egnatia St. Getting there on foot should not be a problem; you just take Egnatia Av. and turn south at the height of Sigrou St or Leontos Sofou St. You can always ask for directions or just let the music and the energy in the air take you there! The area of Ladadika is another popular destination when it comes to nightlife. Restaurants, clubs and taverns for every taste!

13 (рекомендации местных жителей)

Valaoritou

13 (рекомендации местных жителей)